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Lymphatic System
Function | Anatomy | Limitations
The lymphatic system is a complex, low-pressure network of vessels that collects interstitial fluid and returns it to circulation. The thoracic duct, its largest vessel, runs from the cisterna chyli to the neck, draining most of the body and emptying into the left subclavian–jugular vein junction.
Current approaches to managing fluid overload in CHF are primarily drug-based, relying on diuretics to remove excess fluid; however, 25–30% of patients develop resistance, limiting effectiveness. Previous strategies, including invasive surgeries and needle-based thoracic duct access, carried high risks of infection and were associated with significant mortality.
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